> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.surgecardano.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.surgecardano.com/help/glossary.md).

# Glossary

**ADA** — Cardano's native coin. Every Surge pair is a token against ADA.

**Ambiguous fill** — When one batcher transaction fills two or more of your orders paying the same wallet, Surge cannot tell which proceeds belong to which order. It retries up to five times, then leaves the orders Open for you to check.

**Archive** — Permanent, read-only retirement of a strategy. It leaves the live lists but keeps its history; it cannot be restored, only cloned.

**Auto-range** — The grid builder's Suggest feature: proposes a price band from the last 7, 30 or 180 days of prices.

**Automate signing** — A setting that lets strategy transactions be signed without the approval window, after the transaction guard has passed them. On by default; turn it off to approve each trade by hand.

**Base address** — A Cardano wallet address that includes a stake key (the usual kind). Required for staking. An address without one is an *enterprise* address.

**Batcher** — A bot operated by a DEX that collects pending orders and executes them against the pool a block or two later, for a flat fee. Called a scooper on SundaeSwap, an agent on WingRiders, an executor on Splash.

**Batcher fee** — The flat fee the batcher keeps: Minswap 2 ADA, SundaeSwap 1 ADA (V3) or 2.5 ADA (V1), WingRiders per pool up to 5 ADA, Splash as configured.

**Boundary buffer** — A grid setting that widens the out-of-range check on both sides of the band without moving any rung.

**Break-even floor** — The minimum-received an arbitrage buy carries: the number of tokens the sell pool would need to return your input plus all fees plus your minimum profit.

**Browser wallet** — Your Cardano wallet extension (Eternl, Lace, …). Used for login, funding, manual swaps and sends. Never used by strategies.

**Circuit breaker** — A pause a grid trips when too many lines are crossed at once (more than 3 in a tick or 5 in two minutes), or a rule-based plan trips under the "pause plan" failure policy. Requires a manual Resume.

**Concession ladder** — In arbitrage, the sequence of re-offers for a sell leg that will not fill: as-is, then at break-even, then at a bounded-loss floor of 95% of cost, then give up (Partial).

**Cooldown** — For a grid rung, two minutes after it detects a crossing before it can detect again. For a rule-based level, the wait you set between firings (minimum 2 minutes).

**Cycle** — One open-and-close pair on a grid rung; the unit of grid profit.

**Datum** — The note attached to an order on chain: who owns it, what it wants, the minimum it accepts, and where to pay out. Cancelling requires the key matching the datum's owner.

**Deposit (order deposit)** — 2 ADA locked with every order on Minswap, SundaeSwap and WingRiders and returned with the fill or refund. Not a fee.

**Depth ceiling** — The largest grid investment the reference pool can absorb without your own orders moving the price too much.

**DEX** — Decentralised exchange. Surge supports Minswap, SundaeSwap, WingRiders and Splash.

**Effective price** — For a rule-based level, the price your exact order size would actually get from a pool, including that pool's fee and price impact.

**Epoch** — Cardano's five-day accounting period. Staking rewards are settled per epoch.

**Fill** — The batcher executing your order and paying your wallet. Detected by Surge from the chain, not reported by the DEX.

**Finality** — A fill is treated as final after 10 further blocks (about 3–4 minutes).

**Force close** — Manually exiting a Partial arbitrage position at market price.

**Grid count** — Number of rungs in a grid. A grid with N rungs has N+1 price lines.

**Key file** — The downloadable backup of a strategy wallet's private key. Anyone holding it controls the wallet.

**Level** — A rule-based plan's unit: side, price, size, executions and wait.

**Line** — One of the N+1 price boundaries of a grid.

**Liquidity floor** — The minimum ADA a pool must hold to be used: 1,000 ADA for prices, 5,000 ADA for grid, rule-based and arbitrage trading.

**Lovelace** — One millionth of an ADA. Surge shows ADA; the chain counts lovelace.

**Mid price** — A pool's ADA reserve divided by its token reserve. What charts and grid lines use.

**Minimum received** — The least output an order will accept, written into the order on chain. Also called the slippage floor. If the pool cannot deliver it, the order refunds (Minswap) or parks.

**Network fee** — Cardano's transaction fee, about 0.2 ADA, deducted from every transaction.

**Opportunity** — One detected arbitrage trade: a buy leg and a sell leg with their statuses.

**Parallel mode** — Arbitrage with two wallets firing both legs at once. Compare *sequential mode*.

**Parked order** — An order that cannot fill at its minimum and stays open on chain (SundaeSwap, WingRiders, Splash) until cancelled.

**Partial** — An arbitrage opportunity in which one leg filled and the other did not; a one-sided position you must close.

**Pool** — A DEX's reserve of ADA and a token for one pair. The price is the ratio of the reserves.

**Pool fee** — The liquidity-provider fee, typically 0.3%, charged inside the exchange rate.

**Price impact** — How much your own order moves the pool's price. Included in every quote.

**Realized P\&L** — Profit measured from completed round trips' actual fills, minus Surge, batcher and network fees.

**Reference pool** — The deepest eligible pool for a pair; the grid's price source.

**Refund** — The DEX returning an unfillable order's contents. Shown as Cancelled.

**Required balance** — A builder panel adding up the ADA (and tokens) a strategy wallet needs: trade budget, deposits, batcher, network and Surge fees, pool fee.

**Reserve floor** — In arbitrage, ADA in Wallet A that sizing never touches.

**Rung** — One step of a grid: buys at its lower line, sells at its upper line.

**Safety buffer** — 15% of expected gross profit that grid and arbitrage subtract when deciding whether a trade is worth making. Never charged, never subtracted from realized P\&L.

**Sequential mode** — Arbitrage with one wallet: buy, wait for the fill, then sell exactly what arrived.

**Signing approval** — The window that shows a strategy transaction's addresses and maximum spend and waits for your Approve.

**Slippage tolerance** — The percentage worse than the expected output you will accept; sets the minimum received.

**Snapshot (staking)** — A six-hourly reading of each subscribed user's SURGE balance.

**Socket** — The live connection between your tab and Surge over which prices and transactions to sign are pushed. "Socket down" means it is not connected.

**Spread** — The percentage price gap between two DEXes' pools for the same token. *Required spread* is the gap at which an arbitrage round trip breaks even.

**Strategy wallet** — A wallet Surge generates in your browser for one strategy to trade from. Its key stays in the browser and in your key file.

**Stuck order** — An order still Open after 3 minutes.

**SURGE** — Surge's token. Holding it (and subscribing to staking) earns a share of fees and a fee discount.

**Surge fee** — 0.2% of the ADA side of every order, reduced by tier, paid to Surge inside the order transaction.

**Tier** — Your SURGE-holding band and its fee discount.

**Transaction guard** — The check your browser runs before signing any strategy transaction: spend cap, declared tokens only, no staking changes, no minting, change returned.

**UTxO** — Cardano's unit of funds: a discrete "coin" of ADA and tokens that is spent whole. Why two orders from one wallet must be spaced out, and why a split swap needs a single large coin.

**Wake lock** — The Keep screen awake setting: asks the OS not to sleep the display while a strategy runs.

**Wallet A / Wallet B** — In arbitrage, the ADA wallet that buys (A) and, in parallel mode, the token wallet that sells (B).

**Window (Cadence)** — A 30-minute slot in a Cadence schedule holding up to 10 orders.


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